• 2019.11.28moviezone
  • 作者:刘依凡杨楠 编辑: 广播台发布日期:2019-11-28浏览次数:

有这么一部电影,长期霸占着豆瓣和IMDB排行榜的第一。马克吐温有句话叫:“经典是本书,人人都说好,人人都不读。”但这并不适用与《肖申克的救赎》,今天就想和大家好好聊一聊这部经典之作。


"The Shawshank Redemption" uses Morgan freeman's character, Red, as its narrative lead.From the perspective of a third party: Andy.This also makes Morgan freeman's narration another highlight of the film, with its deep and charming voice, slow and rhythmic.As the old saying goes, lookers-on see most of the game.But in this movie, red never sees what Andy is doing.There are many ways to interpret this classic.Whether it's photography, dialogue, or deep institutionalization or socialization, it's ok, because Shawshank is a microcosm of the real world.You suffer in silence what the little world imposes on you, and it seems enough to take something from the outside like Red.


而安迪的出现,却让所有人明白。有时候你眼中的疯子,可能就是我们所谓的梦想家。瑞德的旁白像一条线,串起来了一整个故事。我们通过他的描述,才真正走进了这座监牢,看到了安迪这个人。我们与他一样,会有许多不解、迟疑与惊讶。提一个千古难题:如何成为自己想要成为的人?透过安迪,透过瑞德,透过老布,透过整座监牢。或许我们可以窥知一二。


影片从一个坐在车里的年轻男子开始。安迪是一家大银行的副总裁,年轻气盛,极具才华。却被判无期徒刑,关进肖申克监狱,罪名是酒醉后杀害妻子与情夫。天之骄子与锒铛入狱。戏剧矛盾从这一刻展开。瑞德是这座监狱里所谓的有能力的人,他可以从外界为囚犯带来一切所需的东西并从中百分之二十的利润,至少在这里,他是个不错的生意人。安迪托瑞德为他带来一把石锤。六七英寸长,状如鹤嘴锄。瑞德有些犹豫,感觉这东西有点危险。安迪说,你看到它的时候,就会明白了。即使我们没看到后面的部分,在这里也会有一个疑虑:安迪要这把锤子,到底是想要干什么呢?从防身的角度来说,小刀或者一根长棍可能会更有效。从逃脱的角度来说,如瑞德所言,这把小石锤开凿出一条隧道,约莫需要六百年。


Many of the details and foreshadowing of the film are worth pondering.When I first saw it, I felt in the bottom of my heart that this story should be the inspiring story of this guy who had studied sculpture for decades and finally became a generation of prison stone masters.But then the story let me understand a truth.Stone master's road to growth, but also after twists and turns.In the days that followed, Red was right, and the three sisters began to harass Andy like mad.Andy fought tooth and nail with fresh wounds on his face.Here's a voice-over I love: "I wish it had been a different ending, with Andy winning and leaving.I'd like to tell you that, but prison is not a fairy tale."(我也希望是另一种结局,就是安迪打赢,全身而退。我很想这么告诉你们,然而监狱不是童话世界)

电影有时候特别不现实,飞天遁地,无所不能,让我们梦里的场景搬到了荧幕上,仿佛触手可及。但电影有时候又太过于现实,我们拼死不愿意去承认的东西,他会剖开裹在上面的那层窗户纸,把血淋淋的真相摆在你面前。对于安迪来说,前两年实在是太难过了。不停的骚扰,不停的抵抗,不停的挂彩。这些成为了安迪所谓的“Routine”直到1949年的五月份,安迪被抽中去户外修缮房顶,事情才迎来了转机。狱警头子海德利偶得了一笔兄长的遗产,却为缴税头疼不已。安迪冒着生命危险,直言他有办法可以解决海德利的困难。差点被海德利推下楼的安迪,索取的报酬,不是替他自己解决三姐妹的麻烦,而是给狱友们一次喝冰啤酒的机会。阳光撒肩头,仿佛自由人。


As if the word were interesting, the jailers, who were not free people, had a rare illusion when they drank beer: freedom.After that, the three sisters beat Andy up. Headley used Andy to cripple one of them.After that, Andy's Routine began to change.Knowledge changes destiny, because of outstanding financial ability, Andy begins to be responsible for the financial consultation to each prison guard in the prison, and then each prison guard comes to him to file taxes.Quiet days are always short.The old librarian,Bo阿布, was finally paroled.But after he was released from prison, he could not adapt to life outside the prison and finally committed suicide.Institutionalization is a word mentioned many times in the film.The fixed mode of life in prison, the frame of life, gradually let the mind become rigid.You are afraid to jump out and do not have the courage to face the new life, even if you have the courage, you have lost this ability.

短暂的风波过去后,安迪一直以来给州议会写的信终于起了作用。州议会给他寄来了一批书和唱片,帮助肖申克监狱建立图书馆。安迪的不安分基因又再次躁动,给监狱的所有人公放了一遍莫扎特的歌剧。跟请啤酒一样,但这一次,他影响了更多的人。安迪告诉众人,希望是很重要的,他会让你知道这世上有些东西是不会被关注的。然而瑞德很生气,直言在监狱里希望是最危险的东西。要他放弃!安迪反问:“像老布那样吗?”短暂地欺骗自己放弃,放弃久了,就什么都放弃了。安迪持续不断的努力,终于换来了回报。州议会答应拨款捐书,把肖申克监狱图书馆建成了整个新英格兰地区最棒的监狱图书馆看吧,抱有期待的人,不一定都是傻瓜。



同年,典狱长实施了著名的“外役专案”。监狱开始创收,近乎零成本的劳动力成为各大资本家的追逐对象。典狱长也靠着这一手开始敛财,而安迪也成为典狱长洗钱的工具。靠着他的专业能力,创造了一个虚拟的账户:史蒂文斯,将黑钱一一漂白。监狱总有新人来,汤米就是其中一个。他是一个张扬、有活力、极具摇滚精神的大男孩,很快赢得了监狱其他人的喜爱。帮助他考取文凭,成为了安迪打发时间的新方式。汤米自认为自己的考试失败了,暴怒地离开了考场。在之后与瑞德的聊天中,无意间发现了当年安迪杀妻的真凶自己认识。安迪听后匆忙赶到典狱长的办公室,想要申诉。这里需要提到一个点,就是为什么安迪会一直在监狱服刑,而不逃脱。因为当初的杀妻案,他喝得烂醉,完全不知道自己是否做了这件事。在监狱的日子,他一直认为自己在为妻子赎罪。所以当汤米说出有可能的真相时,他会失去冷静。可惜的是典狱长完全不听安迪的话,直接将他关了一个月的小黑屋。在这期间,他还把汤米以莫须有的越狱罪枪杀了。


Andy, who had finished his detention, leaned against the corner and talked to rhett without a word.He talked of his wife, delighting in her beauty, and regretting her last departure;He talked about what had happened to him.He talked of his distant place, SAN wattanio, beside the Pacific Ocean, warm and unremembered.Red as always let Andy give up fantasy, but this time, Andy said: Andy and inmates for a bundle of rope, in a dark night began to act.Red worried that he could not bear to commit suicide, but Andy quietly took the warden's books and shoes.It took Andy only 20 years to dig through a tunnel he had thought would take 600 years.Under the cover of thunder, he made his way through the tunnel, crawled through five hundred yards of dirty sewers, and made his way to freedom.When Andy got out, he took all the black money in Stevens' name and exposed the dark side of shawshank prison.And the hammer that digs through the tunnel, he's been hiding in the bible.As the warden was fond of saying: the way to salvation lies in it.


海德利被捕后,典狱长吞枪自杀了,安迪也如愿离开美国,奔向南方。老友们时常谈起他,但也都很明白:You know some birds are not meant to be caged,their feather are just too bright.而瑞德继续扮演着黄金配角的重任,贡献一段极有分量的假释独白。对比瑞德前后的独白,我们可以很清晰地感受到他的变化。安迪给他带来的是一种力量,一种去直面过去和未来的力量。假释或者不假释,那又如何呢?沉浸在对过去的悔恨里,永远不会对现实产生任何影响。走出来,才不会被监狱体制化;说出来,才有重新出发的勇气。瑞德获得假释之后,同样面临着老布的困境。无法适应社会,不知道自己能做什么。每日看着手枪,思考是否要犯罪重返肖申克监狱,或是更为极端地结束自己的生命。但对安迪做出的承诺,让他坚持了下来。瑞德依照安迪说的话,来到约定的地点,取到了安迪给他留下的信:希望是个好东西,而且美好的事情永不消散。


In the final scene of the film, red follows Andy's instructions to go to Mexico. In a warm place without memories, the two old friends reunite and hug each other tightly.That's what a good movie is. Every time you watch it, you learn something new.The first time, excited about Andy's escape, and now, I was more impressed by the gradual transformation of Red.Not everyone is Andy, born with the courage to break the rules.Most of the transformations of ordinary people are like Red's.May you and I never lose the courage to change and become what we want to be.


救赎的三层意思救赎,指用行动抵消、弥补罪过,使其脱离灾难或危险。所以救赎有三个基本要素:有罪——付出代价——解脱。救赎的第一层本意,结合电影,相当于我们的“洗心革面,重新做人”——这当然是反讽。但电影所讨论的“有罪”,远不至于此。在影片的开头,安迪对瑞德说自己是被冤枉的,瑞德不无讽刺地说:“肖申克”这个地方,除了我之外,都是无罪的。这里的“有罪”,是世俗意义上的犯罪。而安迪后来说的那些忏悔:“对,是我杀了她,枪不是我开的,但我害她离我远去,是我的脾气害死了她”,“没错,是别人干的,却由我受罚”。这里的“有罪”,是宗教意义上的“原罪”——傲慢、嫉妒和暴怒。在基督教义中有一点很特殊,因为人类始祖亚当夏娃的背叛,人生下来就有七种“原罪”:暴食、贪婪、懒惰、淫欲、傲慢、嫉妒和暴怒,这是人类一切罪恶和灾难的根源,而人生就是一个“救赎”的过程。所以“救赎”的第二层意义,是宗教上的,指为陷入罪孽的灵魂,支付代价,给予其真正的解脱和光明,使其灵魂得以净化。监狱表面上是为你犯下的罪而受罚,实际上,你也在摆脱你的“原罪”。安迪表面上看是蒙寃入狱,但此片的宗教意义下,监狱却是人生“救赎”的最形象化的体现。入狱后,安迪靠着之前当银行家的经验,帮狱卒和典狱长逃税和洗钱。这事儿,他之前肯定没少干过,不过之前是为了满足自己的“欲望”,是“原罪”,之后是为了“给我的同事每人三瓶啤酒,因为户外干活有了啤酒,才像正常的工作”,是为了维护人的尊严,这就是一种“救赎”。


典狱长为了方便安迪为自己洗钱,把他安排到图书馆,安迪却利用这个机会扩大图书馆的规模,帮助那些罪轻的人掌握一技之长,出狱后更容易获得新生活,这也是一种“救赎”。典狱长利用安迪为自己洗钱,这是私欲的“原罪”,他为之付出的代价是:安迪利用他的信任越狱,并反过来告发,使他的下半生在监狱中度过,让典狱长也为自己的“罪”与“原罪”进行“救赎”。


电影中最经典的一段旁白,来自原著小说:

我曾经试图描述过,逐渐为监狱体制所制约是什么样的情况。起先,你无法忍受被四面墙困住的感觉,然后你逐渐可以忍受这种生活,进而接受这种生活……接下来,当你的身心都逐渐调整适应后,你甚至开始喜欢这种生活了。什么时候可以吃饭,什么时候可以写信,什么时候可以抽烟,全都规定得好好的

在这段话中,如果你只看到了体制对人的束缚,那就只看到很表面的东西。这种感觉你应该似曾相识:当我们离开“逼你学”的高中,进入“自由学习”的大学,我们是不是一下子不知道怎么学习了?我们离开制度森严、流程有序的工作8小时,我们是不是有一种无力安排自己的生活的感觉?是否因为害怕自由,才让我们甘愿把自己变得忙碌呢?纪伯伦说,自由是人类枷锁中最粗的一条。肖申克监狱里所有的犯人和现代社会的人一样,他们追求的自由是一种自由的幻觉,是牢笼中一时的喘息。安迪所追求的自由,才是痛苦的自我反省、漫长的自我救赎后,体会到的真正的自由,又有他的自律、耐心、智慧做保证。这才是《肖申克的救赎》中,真正的救赎。


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